The disease of the spine in our time is seen as a serious medical and social problem. Every second person at the age of 30 suffers from various vertebrates. Osteochondrosis is diagnosed in 70% of the capable population in old age.
What is osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a neurological disease of chronic nature. From the Greek language, this term is translated as an osteo bone and chondros cartilage.
As a result of the pathological destruction of tissues, their elasticity and loss of the original form are reduced. The distance between the vertebrae is reduced and the spine is withdrawn from a stable balance. Differentiate between lumbar, thoracic and cervical osteochondrosis.
In connection with the weakening of the intervertebral discs in the body, irreversible pathological processes can develop. In the event of late treatment, such a process can lead to a vertebral hernia and a lead. Furthermore, a breakdown of the joints of the spine and that between the hurricane ligaments can occur. All of these processes lead to the formation of bone processes - osteophytes.
Causes of the disease
Osteochondrosis develops according to a number of factors that depend on one person and not. The main reasons are below:
- The causes of the deviation in the bandBlybal sections are an asymmetrical muscles. With improper warm up, this happens before exercises, uncomfortable poses, when wearing heavy pockets, the improper position in a dream and too soft mattresses or pillows.
- Often the causes of osteochondrosis can be flat feet of the legs. At the same time, the disease of the foot does not provide properly written off the support and the entire load during the interaction with the support and the entire load in order to get to the intervertebral columns.
- People with an excessive mass of the body are very often confronted with the problems of the spine. This is due to the fact that fat deposits are distributed in different parts of the body, and the axis of the spine, without controlling the excessive stress, begins to deform. Over time, the intermediate vertebral joints take over the entire excess mass and overload.
- Cases of the development of the disease are very common against the background of various back injuries, overcharge of dynamic and statistical nature, regular vibrations on the vertebral axis. The older a person becomes, the more often he subjects such manifestations.
- The curvature of the spine is the undeniable cause of the development of osteochondrosis. Such pathology can develop both in early childhood and in a later age. In the school years, most people acquire certain deviations in connection with the spine. At a later age, these manifestations are poured into a chronic disease.
In addition to the reasons mentioned above, the following can be differentiated:
- hereditary disposition;
- Smoke;
- Poisoning or infectious disease;
- sharp attitude of strong physical exertion in the gym;
- Inferior diet;
- Changes related to age;
- Keeping the attitude during pregnancy;
- Unwanted environmental conditions.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
The main symptoms of the disease can be called pain in the back and neck. The severity of the symptoms depends on the severity and the stage of the disease. Osteochondrosis has an extensive clinical picture. This is due to the fact that the position of the intervertebral discs is violated, hernia and growth of the vertebrae are formed. All of this leads to an impairment of blood supply, nerve disorders, a malfunction in the spinal cord and the occurrence of fibrosis of the surrounding vertebrates.
With the development of osteochondrosis, the following symptoms occur:
- A pull or pulsating pain in the neck appears, in the neck, in the lower back;
- Muscle weakness can be felt;
- Crusts can be heard when turning the head;
- Regular headaches and dizziness arise;
- A person feels unexpected fatigue from the usual routine matters that flows into a chronic language over time.
- The limbs deafness, their pain and chills can be felt;
- Sensitivity is disturbed;
- Muscle hypotension develops;
- Fatigue of the body, including the eye.
Depending on the area of the spine that osteochondrosis is hit, the symptoms can vary. With cervical osteochondrosis, pain can be felt in your hands and shoulders, the head begins dizzy, "fly", appear regularly in front of the eyes. The lesion of the Brustr region leads to pain in the chest and in the area of the heart. The lumbar region is explained as pain in the lower back that is given to the legs or pelvic organs.
In the event of late treatment, the following diseases can appear:
- Spinal hernia;
- Kyphosis;
- Projection;
- Radiculitis;
- Salt deposits in the room between the vertebrae;
- Spinal streak;
- Atrophy of the limbs;
- Paralysis of the legs.
Treatment of osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is treated with a fairly long period of time, about three months plus annual rehabilitation. Self -medication can worsen the patient's condition and he can take more time for treatment and recovery.
Therapeutic interventions are carried out in two areas: conservative therapy and surgical interventions are used. In addition, the patient is prescribed the appropriate diet and general recommendations are given to maintain his health.
During conservative treatment, the goal is to stop pain syndrome, normalize the spine and prevent further dystrophic changes in the "axis" of a person. The following methods are carried out:
Pharmaceutical therapy
Aimed to remove pain syndrome and prevent the inflammation of the components of the tissue spine. At the same time, the goal is to improve the work of metabolic processes.
The following medication are prescribed:
- Anti -inflammatory non -steroids.
- Anti -spas modos.
- Antioxidants.
- Improvement of blood microcirculation.
Medicines for osteochondrosis can be used as tablets, ointments, gels and injections. Ointments based on bee and snake vinters have good reviews. Famous anesthesia ointments can be used without a prescription from a doctor to relieve muscle pain.
Ointments are used both during pain consumers and to prevent osteochondrosis.
In order to stop the pain and stop inflammation, various therapeutic blockade are also used. They help reduce the muscle tonic syndrome. The application is found under this blockade:
- Blockade of the trigger points;
- Inner bones;
- paravertebral;
- Epidural.
Physiotherapy
The procedure is necessary to relieve severe pain in the area of the spine and near the adjacent organs. During the period of drug therapy and in the rehabilitation period, it is prescribed to improve its effectiveness.
Physiotherapy is carried out using the following funds:
- Ultrasonic effects on the spine;
- Laser treatment;
- Magnetic - resonance therapy;
- The use of currents with a low frequency.
Physiotherapy sports lessons (training therapy), kine therapy
This type of treatment is selected individually depending on the severity of the processes, the phases and age of the patient. Exercises are dosed and carefully selected. The purpose of such exercises is to correct the attitude, the work of muscle tissue, to normalize their flexibility. At the same time, the decompression of nerve roots is uncovered and the prevention of possible complications is carried out.
With the process you can normalize the metabolism and the diet of the intervertebral discs, improve blood circulation, restore the distance between hard drives and vertebrae and evenly distribute the load over the entire support and motor apparatus.
In addition, the following procedures have a good restorative effect:
- Massage. It helps to improve blood circulation, relieve stiffness and tension in the muscles and to improve the general condition of the body and the health of the patient.
- Hydromassage. The effect corresponds to massage therapy, only the work of the entire nervous system still improves.
- Manual therapy. The impact goes to certain points of the bone and muscle system. The motor activity is restored, the immune system is strengthened and the prevention of possible complications is carried out.
- Expansion (traction) of the spine. The spine is corrected with special devices. The procedure helps to finally get rid of pain attacks.
Surgical intervention is used with the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment. The surgical method is also prescribed for the most strongest injuries to the spine and its nearby organs.
Any kind of osteochondrosis can develop in a place of localization for many years. At the same time, pathological processes can form in every part of the spine. Timely treatment guarantees a favorable forecast and a complete healing of osteochondrosis.